Epiglottitis vs Croup

1. Epiglottitis ·         Etiology. This is a bacterial infection and inflammatory edema of the supraglottic laryngeal structures. Complete Airway obstruction can easily occur. This disease is always considered a pediatric emergency! Hemophilus Influenza virus Type B-H. Flu is a very common organism that spreads in day care centers or public places. Children who attend daycare normally receive a vaccination against H. flu at 18 or 24 months. ·         Epidemiology-10-15% of all systemic H. Flu infections are Epiglottitis. The most common ages are between 2-8 years, the most common time is winter/spring, and males and females have equal incidence. ·         Clinical Manifestations o        Acute Febrile Illness-temp >= 39°C, onset <= 24 hours o        Mild to Moderate Respiratory distress o        Hoarse-c/o sore throat o        Drooling o        Inspiratory Stridor o        Moderate to Severe suprasternal and intercostal retractions o        Hypoxemia may cause decreased mental status and agitation. o        As the swelling of the epiglottis becomes worse, the child assumes a sitting position with the chin thrusting forward. This position maintains an open airway.